More Questions

Question 11. Where did matter come from? What about space, time, energy, and even the laws of physics?

Answer 11: No scientific theory exists to explain the origin of space, time, or matter. Because each is intimately related to or even defined in terms of the other, a satisfactory explanation for the origin of one must also explain the origin of the others.a Naturalistic explanations have completely failed.

Question 12. Can you name one reasonable hypothesis on how the moon got there, any hypothesis that is consistent with all the data? Why arent students told the scientific reasons for rejecting all the evolutionary theories for the moons origin? What about the other 90+ moons in the solar system?

Answer 12: Theories for the origin of Earths Moon are highly speculative and completely inadequate. The Moon did not spin off Earth, nor did it form from the same material as Earth, because its orbital plane is too inclined. Furthermore, the relative abundances of its elements are too dissimilar from those of Earth. The Moons nearly circular orbit is also strong evidence that it was never torn from, nor captured by, Earth.

Some claim the Moon formed from debris splashed from the Earth by a Mars-size impactor. If so, many small moons should have formed. Even if only one moon formed, the glancing-blow impact would either be too slight to form our large Moon, or the impact would be so violent the Earth would end up spinning too fast. If the Moon formed from particles orbiting the Earth, other particles should be easily visible inside the Moons orbit; none are. Each explanation mentioned above has many other problems. Understanding these problems caused one expert to joke, The best explanation [for the Moon] was observational errorthe Moon does not exist. Similar difficulties exist for evolutionary explanations of the other 90 moons in the solar system.

But the Moon does exist. If it was not pulled or splashed from Earth, was not built up from smaller particles near its present orbit, and was not captured from outside its present orbit, only one hypothesis remains; the Moon was created in its present orbit.

Contrary to popular opinion, planets should not form from the mutual gravitational attraction of particles orbiting the Sun.a Orbiting particles are much more likely to be scattered or expelled by their gravitational interactions than they are to be pulled together. Experiments have shown that colliding particles almost always fragment rather than stick together. (Similar difficulties relate to a moon forming from particles orbiting a planet.)

Despite these problems, let us assume that pebble-size to moon-size particles somehow evolved. Growing a planet by many small collisions will produce an almost nonspinning planet, because spins imparted by impacts will be largely self-canceling.c All planets spin, some much more than others.

Growing a large, gaseous planet (such as Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, or Neptune) far from the central star, is especially difficult for evolutionists to explain for several reasons.

a. Gases dissipate rapidly in the vacuum of outer space, especially the lightest two gaseshydrogen and helium, which comprise most of the giant planets.

b. Because gas molecules orbiting a star do not gravitationally pull in (or collapse) other gas molecules in the orbiting ring, a rocky planet, several times larger than Earth, must first form to attract all the gas gravitationally. This must happen very quickly, before the gas dissipates.e (Jupiters hydrogen and helium is 300 times more massive than the entire Earth.)

c. Stars like our Suneven those which evolutionists say are youngdo not have enough orbiting hydrogen or helium to form one Jupiter.

Computer simulations show that Uranus and Neptune could not evolve anywhere near their present locations.

Based on demonstrable science, gaseous planets and the rest of the solar system did not evolve.

Question 13. Are you aware of all the unreasonable assumptions and contrary evidence used by those who argue that the earth is billions of years old?

Answer 13: Because no worldwide or even continental unconformity exists in the earths sedimentary layers, those layers must have been deposited rapidly. (An unconformity represents a time break of unknown durationfor example, an erosional surface between two adjacent strata.) Parallel layers (called conformities) imply a continuous and rapid deposition. Because unconformities are simply local phenomena,one can trace continuous paths from the bottom to the top of the geologic record that avoid these time breaks. The sedimentary layers along those paths must have been deposited rapidly and continuously as a unit to achieve this result as witnessed by studies done in the aftermath of the 1980 Mount Saint Helen event.

Frequently, two adjacent and parallel sedimentary layers contain such different index fossils that evolutionists conclude they were deposited hundreds of millions of years apart. However, because the adjacent layers are conformable, they must have been deposited without interruption or erosion. Often, in an apparently undisturbed sequence, the layer considered older by evolutionists is on top! Evolutionary dating rules are self-contradictory.

Frequently, fossils are not vertically sequenced in the assumed evolutionary order. For example, in Uzbekistan, 86 consecutive hoofprints of horses were found in rocks dating back to the dinosaurs. Dinosaur and humanlike footprints have been found together in Turkmenia and in Arizona.Sometimes, land animals, flying animals, and marine animals are fossilized side-by-side in the same rock. Dinosaur, whale, elephant, horse, and many other fossils, plus crude human tools, have reportedly been found in phosphate beds in South Carolina. Coal beds contain round, black lumps called coal balls, some of which contain flowering plants that allegedly evolved 100 million years after the coal bed was formed. In the Grand Canyon, in Venezuela, and in Guyana, spores of ferns and pollen from flowering plants are found in Cambrian and Precambrianrocksrocks deposited before life supposedly evolved. A leading authority on the Grand Canyon even published photographs of horselike hoofprints visible in rocks that, according to the theory of evolution, predate hoofed animals by more than a hundred million years. Other hoofprints are alongside 1,000 dinosaur footprints in Virginia.

Petrified trees in Arizonas petrified forest contain fossilized nests of bees and cocoons of wasps. The petrified forests are supposedly 220 million years old, while bees (and flowering plants which bees require) supposedly evolved almost a hundred million years later.Pollinating insects and fossil flies, with long, well-developed tubes for sucking nectar from flowers, are dated 25 million years before flowers supposedly evolved. Most evolutionists and textbooks systematically ignore discoveries which conflict with the evolutionary time scale.